Release Notes. Chapter 2. General Updates. In- place upgrade from Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7. An in- place upgrade offers a way of upgrading a system to a new major release of Red Hat Enterprise Linux by replacing the existing operating system. To perform an in- place upgrade, use the Preupgrade Assistant, a utility that checks the system for upgrade issues before running the actual upgrade, and that also provides additional scripts for the Red Hat Upgrade Tool. When you have solved all the problems reported by the Preupgrade Assistant, use the Red Hat Upgrade Tool to upgrade the system. Note that the Preupgrade Assistant and the Red Hat Upgrade Tool are available in the Extras channel. The preupgrade- assistant packages have been upgraded to version 2. Questions about SYSPRO 7? Call (800) 827-1151 and talk to a software expert now. Notably. A new preupg- diff tool has been added, which compares multiple Preupgrade Assistant XML reports: one new with unidentified problems and other reports with already analyzed problems. The tool helps to find issues that emerged in the new report by filtering out results that are the same in the new report and in at least one of the analyzed XML files. The output of the trimmed report is available in the XML and HTML format.
![]() Calibre: The one stop solution for all your e-book needs. Comprehensive e-book software.Two new return codes have been added: 2. The meaning of the return code 2. CLI option. The STDOUT and STDERR output in the assessment report of the Preupgrade Assistant have been separated into two fields: Additional output for STDOUT and Logs for STDERR. The python module to be imported by the Preupgrade Assistant modules written in Python has been renamed from preup to preupg. Additionally, the preup_ui_manage executable has been renamed to preupg- ui- manage. The exit_unknown function and the $RESULT_UNKNOWN variable have been removed. Instead of the unknown result, set the error result by using the exit_error function. The set_component module API function has been removed. The component input parameter has been removed from the following module API functions: log_error, log_warning, log_info, and log_debug. BZ#1. 42. 77. 13, BZ#1. BZ#1. 39. 29. 01, BZ#1. BZ#1. 37. 21. 00, BZ#1. Preupgrade Assistant enables blacklisting to improve performance. Preupgrade Assistant now supports creation of a blacklist file, which enables to skip all executable files on a path with a listed prefix. Users can activate this functionality in the /etc/preupgrade- assistant. Binaries. Rebuild_check section. For example. [xccdf_preupg_rule_system_Binaries. Rebuild_check]. exclude_file=/etc/pa_blacklist. Each line of the blacklist file contains a path prefix of executable files to be excluded. Previously, significant performance problems occured when a large partition was mounted and the RHEL6_7/system/Binaries. Rebuild module checked numerous files on a list of executables. Now, users can filter out unimportant executable files and thus reduce time the module consumes. Note that this feature is expected to be changed in the future. BZ#1. 39. 20. 18). Key file names unified in Preupgrade Assistant modules. Previously, each module in Preupgrade Assistant used different file names for certain required files, which made testing and orientation complicated. With this update, the key file names have been unified to module. INI file), check (the check script), and solution. Additionaly, multiple rules (module IDs) have been renamed to conform with this change, so each rule now contains the unified _check suffix, for example, in the result. BZ#1. 40. 24. 78). A new RHDS module to check a possibility of an in- place upgrade of an RHDS system. This update introduces a new Red Hat Directory Server (RHDS) module, which checks for relevant installed RHDS packages and gives users information about the possibility of an in- place upgrade of the RHDS system. As a result, if the relevant packages are installed, and the basic directory instance has been configured, the module creates a backup of the configuration files and prints information about them. BZ#1. 40. 64. 64). Base channel. As of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. Red Hat Common channel to the Base channel. Cloud- init is a tool that handles early initialization of a system using metadata provided by the environment. It is typically used to configure servers booting in a cloud environment, such as Open. Stack or Amazon Web Services. Note that the cloud- init package has not been updated since the latest version provided through the Red Hat Common channel. BZ#1. 42. 12. 81). Chapter 3. Authentication and Interoperability. SSSD now enables the administrator to select which domains from the AD forest can be contacted. In some environments, only a subset of domains in a joined Active Directory (AD) forest can be reached. Attempting to contact an unreachable domain might cause unwanted timeouts or switch the System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) to offline mode. To prevent this, the administrator can now configure a list of domains to which SSSD connects by setting the ad_enabled_domains option in the /etc/sssd/sssd. For details, see the sssd- ad(5) man page. BZ#1. 32. 44. 28). SSSD now enables selecting a list of PAM services that will not receive any environmental variables from pam_sss. In some cases, it is not desirable to propagate environment variables set by the pam_sss Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM). For example, when using the sudo - i command, users might want to transfer the KRB5. CCNAME variable of the original user to the target environment. Previously, when a non- privileged user executed the sudo - i command to become another non- privileged user, the new non- privileged user did not have the permissions to read the Kerberos credentials cache that KRB5. CCNAME pointed to. For this use case, this update adds a new option named pam_response_filter. Using pam_response_filter, the administrator can list PAM services (such as sudo- i) that do not receive any environmental variables (such as KRB5. CCNAME) during login. Now, if pam_response_filter lists sudo- i, a user can switch from one non- privileged user to another without KRB5. CCNAME being set in the target environment. BZ#1. 32. 93. 78). Id. M servers can now be configured to require TLS 1. Version 1. 2 of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol is considered significantly more secure than previous versions. This update enables you to configure your Identity Management (Id. M) server to forbid communication using protocols that are less secure than TLS 1. The pam_faillock module now allows specifying using the unlock_time=never option that the user authentication lock caused by multiple authentication failures should never expire. BZ#1. 40. 48. 32). The libkadm. 5* libraries have been moved to the libkadm. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. As a consequence, yum is not able to downgrade the krb. Before downgrading, remove the libkadm. After you have manually removed the package, use the yum downgrade command to downgrade the krb. BZ#1. 35. 12. 84). Support added for Oracle 1. Oracle and Or. Lsnr Pacemaker resource agents. As of Red Hat Enterprise Linux release 6. Pacemaker resource agents Oracle and Ora. Lsnr support Oracle database 1. BZ#1. 33. 68. 46). Pacemaker now supports alert agents. You can now create Pacemaker alert agents to take some external action when a cluster event occurs. The cluster passes information about the event to the agent by means of environment variables. Agents can do anything desired with this information, such as send an email message, log to a file, or update a monitoring system. For information on configuring alert agents, see Configuring the Red Hat High Availability Add- On with Pacemaker. BZ#1. 25. 33. 25, BZ#1. The clufter packages provide a tool for transforming and analyzing cluster configuration formats. They can be used to assist with migration from an older stack configuration to a newer configuration that leverages Pacemaker. The clufter tool, previously available as a Technology Preview, is now fully supported. For information on the capabilities of clufter, see the clufter(1) man page or the output of the clufter - h command. For examples of clufter usage, see the following Red Hat Knowledgebase article: https: //access. BZ#1. 31. 83. 26). The clufter packages have been upgraded to upstream version 0. Among the notable updates are the following. How can I prevent SQL injection in PHP? Regarding many useful answers, I hope to add some values to this thread. SQL injection is attack that can be done through user inputs (Inputs that filled by user and then used inside queries), The SQL injection patterns are correct query syntax while we can call it: bad queries for bad reasons, we assume that there might be bad person that try to get secret information (bypassing access control) that affect the three principles of security (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability). Now, our point is to prevent security threats such as SQL injection attacks, the question asking (How to prevent SQL injection attack using PHP), be more realistic, data filtering or clearing input data is the case when using user- input data inside such query, using PHP or any other programming language is not the case, or as recommended by more people to use modern technology such as prepared statement or any other tools that currently supporting SQL injection prevention, consider that these tools not available anymore? How you secure your application? My approach against SQL injection is: clearing user- input data before sending it to the database (before using it inside any query). Data filtering for (Converting unsafe data to safe data). Consider that PDO and My. SQLi not available, how can you secure your application? Do you force me to use them? What about other languages other than PHP? I prefer to provide general ideas as it can be used for wider border not just for specific language. SQL user (limiting user privilege): most common SQL operations are (SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT), then, why giving UPDATE privilege to a user that not require it? For example login, and search pages are only using SELECT, then, why using DB users in these pages with high privileges? RULE: do not create one database user for all privileges, for all SQL operations, you can create your scheme like (deluser, selectuser, updateuser) as usernames for easy usage. Principle of least privilege. Data filtering: before building any query user input should be validated and filtered, for programmers, it's important to define some properties for each user- input variables. A- Z0- 9_- .] the length vary between (x and n) where x and n (integers, x < =n ). Rule: creating exact filters and validation rules are best practice for me. Use other tools: Here, I will also agree with you that prepared statement (parametrized query) and Stored procedures, the disadvantages here is these ways requires advanced skills which do not exist for most users, the basic idea here is to distinguish between SQL query and the data that being used inside, both approaches can be used even with unsafe data, because the user- input data here not add anything to the original query such as (any or x=x). For more information, please read OWASP SQL Injection Prevention Cheat Sheet. Now, if you are an advanced user, start using this defense as you like, but, for beginners, if they can't quickly implement stored procedure and prepared the statement, it's better to filter input data as much they can. Finally, let's consider that user sends this text below instead of entering his username: [1] UNION SELECT IF(SUBSTRING(Password,1,1)='2',BENCHMARK(1. SHA1(1)),0) User,Password FROM mysql. WHERE User = 'root'. This input can be checked early without any prepared statement and stored procedures, but to be on safe side, using them starts after user- data filtering and validation. The last point is detecting unexpected behavior which requires more effort and complexity; it's not recommended for normal web applications. Unexpected behavior in above user input is SELECT, UNION, IF, SUBSTRING, BENCHMARK, SHA, root once these words detected, you can avoid the input. UPDATE1: A user commented that this post is useless, OK! Here is what OWASP. ORG provided: Primary defenses: Option #1: Use of Prepared Statements (Parameterized Queries) Option #2: Use of Stored Procedures Option #3: Escaping all User Supplied Input Additional defenses: Also Enforce: Least Privilege Also Perform: White List Input Validation As you may know, claiming on any article should be supported by valid argument, at least one reference! Otherwise, it's considered as an attack and bad claim! Update. 2: From the PHP manual, PHP: Prepared Statements - Manual: Escaping and SQL injection Bound variables will be escaped automatically by the server. The. server inserts their escaped values at the appropriate places into the. A hint must be provided to the. See the mysqli_stmt_bind_param() function for more. The automatic escaping of values within the server is sometimes. SQL injection. The same. Update. 3: I created test cases for knowing how PDO and My. SQLi send the query to My. SQL server when using prepared statement: PDO: $user = "''1''"; //Malicious keyword. SELECT * FROM awa_user WHERE userame =: username'. PDO: :ATTR_CURSOR => PDO: :CURSOR_FWDONLY)). Query Log: 1. 89 Query SELECT * FROM awa_user WHERE userame ='\'\'1\'\''. My. SQLi: $stmt = $mysqli- > prepare("SELECT * FROM awa_user WHERE username =?")) {. Query Log: 1. 88 Prepare SELECT * FROM awa_user WHERE username =? Execute SELECT * FROM awa_user WHERE username ='\'\'1\'\''. It's clear that a prepared statement is also escaping the data, nothing else. As also mentioned in above statement The automatic escaping of values within the server is sometimes considered a security feature to prevent SQL injection. The same degree of security can be achieved with non- prepared statements, if input values are escaped correctly, therefore, this proves that data validation such as intval() is a good idea for integer values before sending any query, in addition, preventing malicious user data before sending the query is correct and valid approach. Please see this question for more detail: PDO sends raw query to My. SQL while Mysqli sends prepared query, both produce the same result. References: SQL Injection Cheat Sheet. SQL Injection. Information security. Security Principles.
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